Анали Правног факултета у Београду

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АНАЛИ ПРАЗНОГ ФАКУЛТЕТА

утверждает, что приближается время, когда дальнейшие улучшения делаюстя невозможными и когда следует создавать иную систему. По мнению автора, в области уголовного права не придется долго ожидать наступления этого дня и потому выступает с призывом подумать зараннее и без спешки о создании новой системы, более полно отвечающей потребностям существующего общества и не ущемляющей основные ценности человека.

SUMMARY Contemporary Penal Law and Investigation of the Personality of the Culprit Difficulties Contradictions Tendencies The modern purposes of punishment exact individualization of the punishment, i. e. its adaptation to the personality of the perpetrator, and this requires examination of this person in the course of criminal procedure. The author comments the multitude of difficulties and contradictions encountered with in such an examination. According to the author these difficulties are due to the fact that: (1) Modem ideas of the purposes and necessity of individualizing punishment adopted by the science have not equally penetrated into, nor are they equally accepted by the positive law, criminal judicature, and especially by masses of people whose representatives participate in the exercise of criminal judicature; (2j Possibilities of establishing the personality of the culprit in the course of criminal procedure are very modest, either when an expert is doing it or the witnesses are examined; (3) Adequate choice of sanctions in conformity with the results of examination of the personality of the culprit encounters with the restrictions of the material criminal law; (4) Definition of the personality of the culprit is, in fact, a formal act of the court. The author finds that contradictions He in the fact that: (1) Simultaneously with the demand for individualization and examination of the personality of the culprit, automatic punishment is widely introduced in the positive law; (2) In spite of the indication that the legal knowledge of a judge should be complemented with the knowledge of criminology, laymen without any expert knowledge are included in the trial of the most difficult and repeated criminal deeds; (3) Examination of the personahty of the culprit probes into his intimate life, before it is established whether he is guilty or not, contrary to the complete and efficient protection of his classic personal rights in the course of criminal procedure, and the protection granted to setenced persons by rehabilitation, etc.; Focus of fighting criminality is on the examination of the personality of the culprit, although the results, in particular in the field of minor delinquents where investigations of such kind have gone very far, do not justify such an attitude. The author points that his standpoints should not be taken as an invitation to give up the old approaches on the purpose of punishment but as an invitation to a critical consideration of the matter in the light of the social reality, in view of improving the existing system, but he is stressing