Пчела

‘PnHiaHpiH. Octpobkh, mh mxepu nonapaioTca tojieko hpothbe ycTba p. Kk)m6hh, bb Bupo.iaxTckomb ii Bm6optckomb saniiiiaxE ii y Bbapi-tisynpa; na bccme ocTajBHOME npoTSJKeHin 6epera ote lIioTTHca flo BbgpKg-synpa, iiixepu npoaßMiOTca mm. be Bnpt ptsKiixE, .itcncTNXE ne-6o.TbHIIIXE OCTpOBOBT, II HOXBOPHMXE. CKS.IE, He carpi,ißarapuxE ce 6epera bhxe na Mope. Ote Bb9pK9-3yHpa po CecTpoptpKa nim, HnitaituxE OCTpOBKOBB H CaMHH HOXBOXHMH OTM6.TH ptpKH. 3a to, npoTHBB aacTii 6epera sieacpy lliotthcome ii Bm6optome, no caiioii cpepnut <PnHCKaro sajiiißa, naxopiiTca HtcKOJBKO orptabHEixE, o6nTaeMtixi, ocTpoBOBB: Aciibb, Por.iaHpE, JlaßaHßcaapn, TroTepE-caapii n CoiepE, hsb kotopmxe npeHMymecTßemio nepsiae npiobpi.iH iiena.iEiiyio H3BÎJCTHOCTB 110 HaCTHME, HOMTH eilterOpHElME, 110 Kpaftiien Mtpt, be npejKHia Bpeiiena, KopabneKpyineiiiflMß okojio hxb 6eperoßE. Pbßopa o (JiuHiaHfICKOMB iipabpeatbi, npiinoMHHME KCTaTH O KpaHHe .IK)6OHMTHOME (JiaKTt noctohhho npoponataioiparocs n ;i,o nainuxE pnefi noAHßiia 6eperoßE ‘iHiHMHpin. BosßMineme bto saniaajocß Bcero SHaunTenrute ote Topneo kb rory, cb opnoft CTopona po CTOKrojiLMa, cb ppyroft jio Basii; bb iojkhoh jkc 4’HHjaHpiH nocieneniioe BOSBBinieirie MaTepiiita coßepmaeica Mep.lefinte. BosiiHinenie n iionnaienie jiaiepinta naCiropaeMO 6mjio ii bo BiiyTpeHHocTii itpaa; npn 9tomb owajiocß, HaupnMtpE, Cntpyioipee .iroboiiEiTHoe aßJieaie: bb npoptst KanaXa, iipoKonannaro aepesß nepemeeKE MejKpy psyna osepaMH, H3B KOTOpBIXB OJțHO lia 70 (jiyTOBB 81,11116 BTOparo, ycMOTpiao 6hjo, hto iiojib BepxmiMb cjioomb CMiiynaro iieciia, tojhj.hhoio bb 8 cfiVTOirb, naxopiiTca ToptJiaHOH naacTß, to.iihiihoio bb 2 (Jiyra, saK-Honaroipin bb cebt iianocmie bepesoßi.ie iihii bb aeacaaeMß nonoJECHin, n BBipocinie na casioiiß jitcTt iiBOBBie kvctbi, bb CTOaneME no.iojKCHiii, cb Kopnam bhiisb; eipe rayâace bojjb TopiJtOME r.iinia. Bb OKpecTHOCTaxE othxe rpt 6m.ib npopMTB osHaaeHHuft KaiiaiE, 3KHTe.ni CBiijitTe.m>CTßOßaan, hto ua put HtKOTopuxE o.iiiJKafiniHXß OTTy,na osepß BCTptnaiOTca pepeßba bb ctosaeMß nojornesin, bto obEaci-iaeTca HCKJKmiiTe.ibHO noiiHatenieMß HSBicTHOft mscth MarepHKa nopE Bojțy. Ilopa, iiaKOHenjL. CKasaTb h%ckojibko c.iobe o BMCTaBKt, nepßbft „ipIIHCKOiI BMCTaBKt npOMBIinaeHHOCTU, HCKyccTBB n iinioaLHaro jijkia“. Camo coOoio pasyjiieTca, 9kohomhhc n noxBaJiBHO-pascaeTJHßHe (|miniLi bb iio.ihomb Bocropri otb btobo, tbkb iiasMiiaeiiaro, Mnpaaro npasjțnecTßa ncKyccißß, 3eM.ieji;i.!iia n npoaiixß aTTpii6yTOBB o6nji;eHHOft, ijiiBiMHSOBaHHOn 3KH3HM. aeaoßiKa, nobußaßniaro aa BMCTaBKaxB, npoMCXOAUBiHHXB sa nocaijțiiie rojțH xoTa y aacß, bb EBponeftcKOH Bocciu, reaßCHHr(J)opcKaa BucTaßKa n BooSnțe Bea jțeitopaTHßHaa odcTaaoßKa ea npejțCTaßiwacß, moikctb 6mtb, bb xaaeKo no tbkomb posobomb cbßtß, bb KaKOMB obii KasajHCß n itaiKyTca (JaiHJiaHXpaMß. Ho, KaKB 6h to iiii om.to, caMoe spanie BMCTaBKH, BB lipeitpaCHOMß liapKi, XOTa H OneHE CKpoMHoe bb apxnTeKTypiiMXß .xeTaaaxß, O'iein, MH.IO, BliyTpH ObCTaBjeHO XOBO.IBHO HCKVCHO H, iiaiionejiß, no obn.iiro n iiaaecTßy mhothxb bhi CTaB.ioHiiHXB Bonieft, o’ioHL iiHTepecHO. Hsb otjiß.iobb BBiCTaBKH Haii6oJT£e obpaipaan sa ce6a BHHMasie: nexarormecKift, rjji cb saMfcaTejißhbimb coBepmeHCTBOMB ii SBasieiiß alija crpynmipoßaHH BceBO3MO3KHHe aitceccyapu imtoatHaro xiuia bb BeaiiKOMß KnajKeCTßi «I’BHaaHXCKOMB; OTxiaß xyxoatecTßeHHHß, usoSimbhmb MiioriiMii oneiiL xopoiniiMii itapTiiHaMii KopeHHHXB ckiixb wacTepoßß, ii —9THorpaiJ)nnecKift. lloc.i , l’ J ,i 1 iiift, no CBoeii opiirnnajn>Boft ooCTaiionirf; 11 yjjannoMy ycTpoftCTßy, BacayiKiißaeTß BceoOnțaro o;i,o-(ipcuia. JI.incTBHTeai.HO, stotb otjiß.tb, rjrjf; noc'l.TiiTe.lll HaraajțHO suaKOMaTCa cb THnann n XOManmero obcTanoßEOft (JiHiMaHfICKHXB KpecTnaHß, 9s(peKTeHß, h ycTpoenß caixyroipHMß otfpasoMß: na noxMOCTKaxB cpiaaiio hete cpens, Ha KaîKjțofi H3B KOTOpiJXB BHyTpeiiHOCTE KpeCTEaHCKaro aKMinpa bb HaTypajn>nyro Beaninny, co Bceio xiHCTBHTeasHoio oOcTanoßKoii h cJiurypaMH, CfliaaHHHMii hsb rnnca h Taitn saMinaTeaEHO xopoino, 'ito oul, KaacyTca KaKB jkhbmmh cyipeCTBaMH. Ha nepßoft ciieirl; iisoopajKeiiT, npasjțHnn-

heih jțeiiE bb ceMEi; HiiTaiOTE CBaipeiiHoe micanie; na Bcixn xiHCTByroipHXB xnpaxß npasxiiH l !HLie KOCTIOMH, lIIHTHH pygaXH, HOBaa OSyBE. Btopaa cpena npexCTaßaaeTß xoMannuoro obcianoßity BB âyXHHHHHH fIeHE, TpeißH TaKSKO oOcTaHOßita ipHHCKoii XHSKHHM, ho Oo.iie ybopofi, xoTa h npnroTOßjenHOii, kkkb no Bceny bhjiho, jț.ia hoboOpanuMXE. r leTßepTaa cpena —Ta-ate xiiatHna, ho bb byxHiiMHOMB Bnjți: CT±m,i nepHEia, o’iari. <je:n> Tpybu, cto.ib, CKaMEH saKoiiT'h.if.ie; naTaa, iiocjixnaa cpena aiooonHTHie t4mb ncK.nonnTe.iEHO, HTO BIiyTpeHHOCTE OijțHOH HsSyHIKH oSHTa XpaHEIO. TaKB obtiKHOBeHHO cißepHßie (Jihhhm oShobjhiotb kb posKjțecTßeHCKOMy npașxHHKy cboh jKH.inipa. Boo6in,e, BiienaTjiiiiie, BunocHMoe cb BHCTaBKH bb PejiECHinJiopci, ecira, hohctho, CMOTpiTE. na nee ii na Bei npexMe™, BHCTaßjennue 9i;cnoHeHTaMH, 003'L KHKHXB .THOO npeXBBHTBIXB TeHJjeHpift, h.ih 6o.iie nisiß HeyjiicTHHXß Tpe6oßaniii, o’ienr. yxoBJieTBopHTejEHO h bo mhotomb tobophte bb no.iE3y KaKB pacnopaxHTejieft BbicTaßKH, takb ii CTenenn pasßHTia „mhphmxb" pejieciiß h saHaTift BB 9TOMB Kpat. Bb saKjro'icHie saniTiiMß, ito ni.KOTopMO otxi.iH BMCTaBKH, a npeiiMymecTßeHHO arpoHOjmHecKift, 6yxyTß SHaniiTexEHO iionoaiieirij nninn bb aaryCTi Micapi, thkb mto .tiihie Torxa moskho OyxeTß nojyHHTE bo.iie, hjih Mente odcToaTejbnoe iioHHTie no 9Toiiy nocaixneMy OTjțijiy, nnni saiieKO ne ho.ihomv, o saMtnaTeaEHMXB ycnixaxn cejECKaro xosaftCTßa bb cpHnaanxin, rxi, KaKB h3b4ctho, K.iHMaTH’iecitia ycJOBÎH h nonna jțajeKO ne cojrbftcTßyioTß xopoiniiMß pesyjißTaTaMß bb fliat Ce.IECKO-XO3aCTBeHHOME.

M. yCTMHOBB.

Юрій ϴедоровичЪ Самаринъ

j - 9-ro Mapta 1876 roaa. „MocKßa cosxaeTß xapaKTepn 11 raacniß xojțanee Mniiiie, ne cobc4mb OaaronpiaTHoe xaa ciBepiioft nanieft CToniipu, bb kotopoh, no 9TOMy MHtnilO, MOSteTB BOBHHKHyTE yilß, HCIIO.IHHTeJIbhocte, ho —ne xapaitTepß. MocKßa, no npeacneMy, yxepacnsaeTß sa coOoto iiCTHHHyio Tary pyccKoft 36mjh; bb neii ne nepeCTaßajH 3KHTE Ti HpiIHpHHM, t4 11,1,011, KOTOpMJIB Pycfi o&isajia cbohmb Be.innieMß; hhkto jțpyroft, KaKB MocKßa, npeacjțe bcîjxb HannHaeTß rniißaTLca II TpeBOJKHTBCa, JHIHE TO.IEKO 9TH HX6H, 9TH lipHHPhhbi HannnaioTß noxßepraTbca onacnocTH: tbkb iianpHMipß, hhkto ne OTjnnaeTCa Tanoro peBHoCTiio bb HadjnojjeniH sa neupenocHOßenHOCTiro pi.iocth PycH, KaKB MocKßa, cossaninaa gry piaocTL. Bo Bcixß xpyrnxß OTHonieniaxß, KpoMi Hasßannaro noanTiraecitaro, t. e. bb pejinriosnoMß, HpaBCTBCHHOMB H HayHHOMB, TOHHO TaKSKe MOHCHO Omjio 6m yKasaTE na npeHMyipecTßOHHoe npncyTCTßie bb MockbP 'ihcto pyccKHXB Hanaaß, h bcjtÎxCTBÎH 9TOH OCO6ofi ipeKOTJHBOCTH BB COb.MOXeiliH 9THXB iiana.iT., nejiOßiKß, ojjapenHMft bmcokhmb VMOMB H KptllKOlO 80.1610, HOHaBB BB HOpOOHOe Hapiona.iEHoe Tenenie, KaKB otohe bb CTpyro 9J6KTpnnecTßa, iiaEanaeTCH bthmb HapionaußHUMß orneMß h aiuaeTE co6ok» iicthhhmh obpasepß „ pyccKaro xapaitTepa “. lOpifi OeAOpOBHHB CaMapilHß BB OTOMB CMMC.It Biioairh h OiiHCTaTejiEiio onpaßjțajtß cbobio .ihmhoCTiro h JKH3HMO BwiiienpHßepeHHoe Miiinie, ctojie necTHoe pna Hameii jțpeßHeii cto.ihpm. CaMapnHß 11pexcTaB.1a.iB coOoio PHTepecntiimifi npinitpß npaKTHnecKaro ptmenia TpyxHoft saxanii, uoCTariaeHiioii ohe 6mje pycCKHMB HeaOBtKOMB, HCTHIIHO HpexaHHMMB liapOXy h 9Ty npepaHHOCTE CBoeft napopnocTH ohe coexnIla.lT> CE .HOOOBiIO KE CBOOtI Btpt H pepKBII, CO CTapiiiiHOio peßHocTiio 0 6nart CBoero OTenecTßa h co BctMß boraTCTBOMB Hostfimaro o6pa3o»ftHia. HsBtCTHO, mto lOpift OexopoßHHß Casiapniiß iiMt.iß baecTanția npnpoxHMa xaposania: ymß r.iy6okîh, tohhmh, nocatxoßai’eJißHMH, cb ocoOeiiubiME OTTtHKOMB CHOCOOHOCTH KB TOHKOMy, BC6pa3.iaraioipeMy ana.iH3y; cepxpe BnenaTmiTeabHoe h boc-

npiiuiaiißoe , ptxKiH xap’i> JRHBaro, n.iaiieHHaro, CBO6OXHO aEtoiparoca, O.mcTaßmaro ocTpoyMieME c.ioßa. 3a6oTJiiißOCTb poxHTejteft xa-ia esiy odpasoßanie mnpoKoe, BocmiTanie Tm,aTe.ibHoe. Ko Bceny 9TOM,y iipncoexHiiHaacE bb hcme, OTnacra KaKB aepi’a nacatxcTßeHiiaa, OT’iac™, KaKB n.iopß HpaßCTßenHaro BOcmiTania, BiiyTpeHHaa hccthocte, npaiiOTa, „iipaBXHBOCTb, no kotopoh xm aero neBO3MOJKHO 6mjo XtftCTBOBaTb ne 110 yStiExeniio, ne no CBoeny MHtniro, ne no npaßpt nepepß co-6010, nepepß .hoxbmh, nepepE 'saKonoME. HojiojKenie acnoe, onpextjennoe, nyTH npaMne, tobhog pasrpaHMnenie ii onpextaenie hcthhm h .ijkh, xpyra ii nexpyra, cb coßepmenHMMß ycapaneiiicME nojyncTiiHE, nojyMipß, cosh3mobb, ManoxymHMXß CXtaOKE, BOTB Cfpepa, BB KOTOpOft OHB .lIOfHMB BpaipaTtca h xtftCTBOBaTb cb TBeppocTiro, iieycTpaniHMocTiio, caMonoJKepTßOßaHieMn h Tpypo•iiobieME. IloxynHßE BEicinee obpasoßanie bb mockobckomb yHHBepcHTeTt, CaMapnHß, no npnpoxuoMy npnSBaniro, aceaaaE hocbmthte ce6a cjyaceniio iiayitt n ncKaTE npoifieccopcKon Kaeeppu; no na bto ne 6emo bo-iii ero oipa n ohe noKopnJica otom bo.iH 6e3npeKoC.ioßHo. Ohe BMipeJiE ii3e ynnßepCHTeTa noc.itxoßaTe.ieME rocnoxcTßOßaßmen Tairn bb ero Bpena cjimiocoijiin Pere.ia; ho otthcth BnenaT.itiiia xoMainnaro Bocnniania, OT'iacTH snaKOMCTBO n cbaiiatenie ce iioataitaMn cjaßanoiJinaßcitaro KpyjKKa, naßenn ero na novnoiiie TBopenift CTeijtana llßopcKaro n <Peosana i lpoiionoraina, nsbpailHMXE lIME SaTpME T6MOIO MarHCTCpCKOH XnccepTapin; 9th sanaiia h bth Baiania pacnojoskimh ero obpaTHTßca kb xpncTiancTßy. Kb xpnCTiancTßy ohe othoccii co Bceio iiMTJHBOCTiro CBoero ysia, co Bceio iipaMOToro CBoero cepxpa, co Bcero necTHOCTiio CBoeft coBtcTM; ohe npnhh.ie B.iianie ero hctiihe, ero xyxa. ero npaBHJE Bceio CBoero xyxoßnoro npnpoxoft, BctMß cyipectbome. Ohe —yxHßHTejbHMft i{»aKTE —ystpoßajiE cnoßa 110 ybimpeniio, nsynnßE Tipa-reiEno nncanie, TBOpenia otpcbe pepimn, ncTopiio pepKßn h bcÎ pa3HOCTii xpnCTiancKHXE Btponcnoßtxaniii. Ohe ne comhhhje ce6t ocoboft papionaannoft penuria, ne Bome.iE be napopnyio iipaßocnaßiiyio pepKOBB ce roppocTiio pacnopapHTena, npnHHMaronțaro opno h OTBepraioiparo xpyroe no CBoeMy BKycy: ohe opraHiiuecKH cannea ce neio, Kaitn skhboh nnenE, nyßCTßyroipin be ce6t obpaipenie es kpobh, bienie ea cepxpi. Jț-ia nero flpn BCeft cn.it (Jimoco#CKaro MMmnenia n borai’CTßt snania, pacnaTEin XpnCTOCE 6mje iiCKynnTeneME, finaropaTE— hctmhiioio xyxoßHoro coloro, iipocutipaiomeio n Bpanytoipeio, MOJHTBa —obipenieiiE ce Bofome, TanncTßa pepKBH HCTOHHHKaMH bjarOpSTM, pepKOBHMe 06papM—pyxOBHMMH ynpaJKHenisMH, HHTaroipHMH pe,iiirio3Hoe nyBCTBO n OTpe3BiaioipiiMH pymy. IIopapKOME CBOeft SKH3HH lOpift OepOpOBHTE naiiOMHHajiE ppeßiinxE aciceTOßE, t. e. xpncTianE, ffiiißinnxE epepn Mipa, no ne pna iionESOßanis ero ypoBO.iECTBiaMH, a p.is cnyacenia eny. Papn cbo6opM pyxoßHon n yiiCTßeHHoft ptsTesEnocTn ohe OTKasaaca ote cynpyacecTßa h ceiiennaro csacTEa; npn SoraTCTBt ohe nyacpE 6mje pocTaBxaeMMXE ume ’iyBCTBeiiHMXE Hac.iasKpeiiiH. BcTyniißE na nonpnipe rocypapCTßeHHoii cjyjK-6m be npn6a.iTincKoME Kpat, ohe, BcatpcTßie CBoero ptmHTe.iEHaro Hapopnaro Hanpaß.ieHis, BCKopt osasanca tsme HeypobHmiE piaTeneME n nepemejE be KießE, be itaneCTßt iipaßHTexa kshpenapin renepa.iE-ry6epHaTopa BiioiiKOßa; n 3pt'CH ero xtaTe.iEnocTß ne orpaHHHHßaaacß peßnocThmme ncnonnenieME cnyatebniiXE obasannocTefi, hl.te, nopE KaseiiHNME MVHpnpaME ohe Tan.iE ropauee n HenpeKJOHHoe cepxpe pyccmaro rpasepauniia, HaKanenHoe BctMH t’Lmii nai-ia.iaMii, kotopuMii CK.iapMßa.iacb Pycn n bote kkke na BanTÎfiCKOME HOMOpbt, TSKB H Ha OCperaXE Jl,H'faipa ohe CTOHJiE rpypbK) 3a HHTepecM Poccin hpothbe npoiiCKOBE ea BparoßE n Hepo6poJKe.iaTe.ieH. „Be 1847 iMH 1848 ropy, roßopnTE „KießJrahhhb“ (1876 r.), npitxajE be KießE npiiKOManpnpOßaHHNH BOXE pyKOBOXCTBO H HapSOpE POCTOnaMSTHaro renepa.iE-ry6epHaTopa roro-sanapnaro Kpas, Jț. T. Bn6nKoßa, MO-iopoft MarncTepE mockobcitaro yHHßepcHTeia, Hanamnin n ciiopo npnnyjKpeHHNH okohhhtb cboio cxyacebHyio ptaTejbHOCTb be npHdanTinCKOME Kpat. Ilorioiiiiijii Ek6hkobe

nHEJIA.

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